Evaluasi Kajian Oil Extraction Rate (OER) Optimum sebagai Standar Panen Kelapa Sawit

Kumbara Kumbara; Firlana Firlana; Jajang Supriatna

doi:10.25181/jaip.v12i1.3346

Authors

Kumbara Kumbara Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh
Firlana Firlana Universitas Riau
Jajang Supriatna Universitas Padjadjaran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v12i1.3346

Keywords:

harvest standards, loose fruits from bunches, oil extraction rate (OER), soil type

Abstract

This research aims to carry out a basic evaluation of the harvest of palm kernel 3 (BD3), palm kernel 7 (BD7), fraction 1 (FR1), and fraction 2 (FR2) on the types of soil and peat and minerals that are tested and analyzed based on observations of the number of loose fruits from bunches (brondolan) on the plate. This research was conducted at PT Gandaera Hendana, Ukui 2 Village, Ukui District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: harvest base and two types of soil. The parameters observed consisted of adding a number of brondolan after harvest, the multiple of brondol after harvest, oil to bunch analysis, and potential oil extraction rate (OER). The analysis showed that adding loose fruit after harvest in mineral soil increased significantly two times more than peat (15.2 loose fruit). The harvest standard for fraction 2 increased significantly due to the addition of loose bunches after harvest (23.9 bunches) and their interaction in mineral soil (38.6 bunches). The base of palm kernels 3 (BD 3) shows a very significant increase in the yield of palm kernels after harvest (2.4 times) as well as its interaction in mineral soil (2.7 times). The palm kernels harvest standard 3 showed the highest increase in OER potential (23.25%) and OER potential in mineral soil (24.46%).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adi, L., & Sudradjat, P. (2017). Pengaruh kerusakan buah kelapa sawit terhadap kandungan free fatty acid dan rendemen CPO di Kebun Talisayan 1 Berau. Buletin Agrohorti, 5(1), 37-44.

Alepa, R., & Rao, R. (2016). Land use change from rainforests to oil palm plantations and food gardens in Papua New Guinea: Effects on soil properties and S fractions. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics, 117(2), 335–343.

Alfiah, C., & Susanto, W. H. (2015). Penangananpasca panen kelapa sawit (Penyemprotan CaCl2 dan kalium sorbat terhadap mutu crude palm oil) dalam penanganan pasca panen kelapa sawit. Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri, 3(1), 61-72.

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN). (2018). Standards for the growing, harvesting, packing, and holding of produce for human consumption: Guidance for industry. Contains Nonbinding Recommendations Draft-Not for Implementation. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration.

Febiola, A., & Ukrita, I. (2022). Manajemen panen kelapa sawit di Afdeling I PTPN VI Pangkalan Lima Puluh Kota. Journal of Agribisnis, 5(1), 1-12.

Food and Drug Administration. (2015). Standards for the Growing, Harvesting, Packing, and Holding of Produce for Human Consumption. Department of Health and Human Services. Federal Register, 80(228).

Gabungan Pengusaha Kelapa Sawit Indonesia (GAPKI). (2023). Kinerja Industri Minyak Sawit April 2023: Volume & Nilai Ekspor Anjlok. Siaran Pers. https://gapki.id/news/2023/06/16/kinerja-industri-minyak-sawit-april-2023-volume-nilai-ekspor-anjlok/

Hudori, M. (2018). Pengukuran kinerja kualitas tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit sebagai bahan baku pabrik kelapa sawit (PKS). Industrial Engineering Journal, 7(2), 4-10.

Kartika, E., Duaja, M. D., & Gusniwati. (2016). Pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (TBM I) pada pemberian mikoriza indigen dan dosis pupuk organik di lahan marjinal. Jurnal Biospecies, 9(1), 29-37.

Manurung, P. R. P., Waluyati, L. R., & Hartono, S. (2019). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi tandan buah segar buah (TBS) kelapa sawit di Kebun Bangun Bandar, PT. Socfin Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 3(3), 609–619. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2019.003.03.16

Murgianto, F., Edyson, E., Ardiyanto, A., Putra, S. K., & Prabowo, L. (2021). Potensi kandungan minyak kelapa sawit dengan berbagai tingkat berondolan lepas di piringan. Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan, 9(2), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v9i2.2161

Nugroho, T. C. (2014). Analisis Sifat Kimia Tanah Gambut yang Dikonversi Menjadi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Kabupatan Kampar [Unpublished undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Sarif Kasim Riau]

Oberthur, T., Donough, C. R., Sugianto, H., Indrasuara, K., Dolong, T., & Abdurrohim, D. G. (t.t.). Keberhasilan Intensifikasi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Dengan Best Management Practies: Dampak Terhadap Tandan Buah Segar dan Hasil Minyak. www.infosawit.com.

PTPN XXIII. (2021). Webinar Berskala Internasional Pipom #3 Oer Turun Semua Panik. https://www.ptpn13.com/news/details/webinar-berskala-internasional-pipom-3-oer-turun-semua-panik/27.

Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Medan. (2013). Panduan Analisa Kadar Minyak dan Kernel Buah Sawit (Spikelet Sampling). Seri Buku Saku PPKS 30. Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit.

Rangkuti, I. U. P. (2018). Rendemen dan komponen minor minyak sawit mentah berdasarkan tingkat kematangan buah pada elevasi tinggi. Agrotekma: Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Ilmu Pertanian, 3(1), 10-16.

Rosyid, A., Sulistyaningsih, S., & Rusmini, R. (2014). Variabilitas produksi kelapa sawit dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan. Jurnal Penelitian Perkebunan, 32(1), 53-62.

Simamora. (2020). Analisa Kehilangan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Inti Kernel dengan Metode Statistical Process Control (SPC) untuk Meningkatkan Rendemen di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit PTPN IV Adolina [Unpublished undergraduate thesis, Universitas Medan Area]

Subagya, F., & Suwondo, E. (2018). Instabilitas rendemen CPO pada industri minyak sawit. Jurnal Teknologi & Industri Hasil Pertanian, 23(2), 82-88.

Supriyanto, G. (2023). Pengaruh kematangan buah terhadap FFA dan besarnya kandungan minyak di dalamnya di pabrik kelapa sawit. Jurnal Mahasiswa Instiper (AGROFORETECH), 1(1), 676-684.

Zein, M., Lestari, E., & Aru, D. A. (2019). Analisis teknik penerapan produksi bersih pada proses pengolahan crude palm oil (CPO) dan inti sawit (Kernel) di PT. JY. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas, 23(2), 179-186.