KUALITAS EKSTERNAL TELUR AYAM RAS PADA UMUR 25 MINGGU SAMPAI 30 MINGGU DI PT. SUMBER PROTEIN UNGGUL DESA RAMA OETAMA SEPUTIH RAMAN LAMPUNG TENGAH

Abstract

Laying hens are a type of poultry primarily raised for egg production. Laying hens undergo
several growth phases: starter, grower, and finisher. Chicken eggs are widely consumed due to their
relatively affordable and accessible price. However, eggshells have a common weakness: they are
prone to cracks and breakages, which can compromise egg quality. Egg quality is categorized into
two types: external and internal quality. The objective of this final project was to determine the effect
of increasing hen age on external egg quality based on egg weight, egg shape, eggshell color, shell
cleanliness, and egg index. The observations were conducted from April to May 2025 at PT. Sumber
Protein Unggul. Materials and equipment used included a closed house system, scales, egg trays,
calipers, stationery, a laptop, laying hens aged 25-30 weeks, and eggs. Data collection methods for
this final project involved observation, interviews, discussions, recording, and literature review.
Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis. The variables observed were egg weight,
egg shape, eggshell color, egg cleanliness, and egg index. The research results indicated that 99.64%
of egg shapes met Quality Grade I standards (oval, no cracks/breakages) in accordance with SNI
(Indonesian National Standard). 99.08% of eggshell colors were brown (Quality Grade I). The
average egg integrity was 99.80%, representing intact eggs, with cracked and broken eggs
accounting for 0.15% and 0.05% respectively. The average egg shape index was 73.97%, indicating
an optimal oval shape. Furthermore, the Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was 2.08, and the Hen Day
Production (HDP) reached 95.22%.
Keywords: Laying hens, external quality, eggs