Pengaruh Pelayuan Dan Penyulingan Terhadap Rendemen Dan Mutu Minyak Serai Wangi (Cymbopogom nardus)

Abstract

Demand for essential oils is increasing one of them is citronella oil. In addition to the  cosmetic industry, aromatherapy, medicine and pesticide plant, citronella oil can also be used as a biofuel that can support the development of agricultural systems-bioindustry and waste for livestock feed. To fulfill demand for quality citronella oil, needed an effectiveprocessing technology.The research aims to gain processing technology to increase the production and quality citronella oil. The research using completely randomized design consisting of two factors and replications. The first factor is the time of wilting (A) consists of 5 levels: a1 (fresh), a2 (2 days), a3 (4 days), a4 (6 days), a5 (8 days), and a6 (dried). The second factor is distillation time (B) consists of 3 levels: b1 (2 hours), b2 (4 hours), and (6 hours). Parameters observed were water content, oil yield, oil quality, and physico-chemical properties of the oil. The results showed, wilting time and refining effect on the yield and quality of citronella oil. The essential oil yield ranged from 0.28 to 0.69% of fresh ingredients, wilt and dry from 1.30 to 2.17% from 1.09 to 1.42%. The longer it wilting, the resulting oil yield higher. Total geraniol fresh citronella 78.23%, wilted material 83.12 to90.22% and dry matter 83.68%, while sitronellal content each by 38.40%, 31.11 to 34.82%, and 33,36%. Citronella oil of processing technology effectively is wilting for two days and 4 destilation time 4 hours.Keywords: Cymbopogon nardus), withering, distillation, geraniol, citronellal