Uji Potensi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Sebagai Larvasida Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti Instar III

Abstract

Aedes aegypti is dengue fever vector which still be a public health problem in Indonesia. Chemical insecticides are the most commonly used as larvacide to control and eradicate Aedes aegypti. However, the long use of chemical larvicides can caused resistance for these vectors. The leaves of papaya (Carica papaya L.) known contains flavonoids and saponins that have potentially as larvicides. This research objective was to know about potention of papaya leaves extract as larvacide for Aedes aegypti, to know about Lethal Concentration value (LC50 and LC90) and Lethal Time value (LT50 and LT90). The experiment research using a completely randomized design was conducted with six levels of concentration of the extract , which is 0% as controls, 0.2 % ; 0.4 % ; 0.6 % ; 0.8 % ; and 1 % with 4 times repetition at each concentration. Then, was observed number of larvae that die every 5 , 10 , 20 , 40 , 60 , 120 , 240 , 480 , 1440 , 2880, and 4320 minutes. ANOVA Test and BNT Test resulted the most effective concentration than controls (0%) was 1%. Probit analysis result showed that LC50 value was 0,8% and LC90 value was 1,3%. LT50 value and LT90 in this research are .278,73 minutes (37,97 hours) and 15.820,22 minutes (263,67 hours). The results of this research showed that papaya leaves extract is potential as larvicides for Aedes aegypti larvae and the most effective extract was 1%. Key word : Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.), Larvacide, Aedes aegypti larvae