JoASCE (Journal Applied of Science and Chemical Engineering)

Uji Kualitas Art Paper Dari Pelepah Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca) Melalui Proses Delignifikasi

Windia Hanifah — 2024-08-06

Paper is one of the sheet media that is usually used for writing or packing and is environmentally friendly because it comes from a suspension of fiber and water. In line with the pace of development of the Indonesian economy, paper consumption increases every year. So in this research paper art will be made to minimize the use of paper that comes from tree wood. This art paper can also be used as a medium for utilizing agricultural waste in the form of non-wood fibers such as banana stems. Banana fronds (Musa paradisiaca) are parts of the banana plant that contain more than 80% cellulose so they can be used as raw material for art paper. In the paper making process, a delignification process is carried out which aims to remove lignin in the material which can cause the paper to have a stiff texture and a brownish color. NaOH concentration method during the pulping process. The research method used is an experimental method where the results of observations are processed and presented descriptively. The samples used were samples treated with additional concentrations of NaOH where in treatment PN0 the concentration of NaOH used was 0%, treatment PN1 the concentration of NaOH used was 5%, treatment PN2 the concentration of NaOH used was 10%, treatment PN3 the concentration of NaOH used was 15 % and in the PN4 treatment the NaOH concentration used was 20%. Based on the results of the panelist acceptance research, the PN3 treatment was 10% NaOH concentration, where the color preference level was 4.75, which means bright, the texture 5.3 was very smooth and the fiber appearance 4.6 (very visible) occurred on paper with NaOH variations. 0%.

Perbandingan Konsentrasi Asam Pekat (H2SO4) Dalam Proses Hidrolisis Terhadap Kadar Gula Pereduksi Kulit Kakao Sebagai Substrat Dalam Pembuatan Bioetanol

Livia Rhea Alvita — 2024-08-06

The main advantage of biofuel in the form of bioethanol is that it is more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels because bioethanol produces lower carbon emissions when burned. The high cellulose content in cocoa shells has the potential to be further processed into products of economic value, one of which is in the manufacture of bioethanol using a hydrolysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) concentration in the hydrolysis process on the reducing sugar content of cocoa peels as a substrate in the manufacture of bioethanol. The design used in this research is a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of one factorial, namely variation of H₂SO₄concentration (1 M, 2 M, and 3 M (v/v)) in the hydrolysis process. The test of reducing sugar content in this study used the Nelson Somogyi method. The results showed the reducing sugar content of H₂SO₄ concentration variations of 1 M, 2 M, and 3 M (v/v) were 308 ppm, 200 ppm and 592 ppm. Based on data analysis using ANOVA and Fisher's further test (LSD) at 95% confidence level, the best concentration of sulfuric acid in the cocoa shell hydrolysis process is at a concentration of 3 M with the highest reducing sugar content of 641 ppm at a hydrolysis temperature of 100^oC.

Peningkatan Kualitas Briket Serabut dan Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Melalui Torefaksi

Shintawati — 2024-08-06

Indonesia is a tropical region with enormous biomass potential as a source of new, renewable energy. The palm oil processing industry (PKS) produces solid biomass in the form of palm shells and fiber which is used as an energy source, but the quantity exceeds the energy needs of the industry. Solid fuel from biomass has limitations due to the low calorific value produced. This research aims to examine the improvement in quality of briquettes made from palm fiber and shells through torrefaction at temperatures of 2000C and 3000C. The research results show that torrefaction is able to improve the quality of biomass briquettes, both fiber and a mixture of fiber and palm oil shells. The quality of the mixed shell and fiber briquettes resulting from torrefaction at 3000C meets SNI 01-6235-2000 for the parameters of calorific value, water content and ash content of 6680 cal/g, 4.58% and 6.07% respectively.

Optimalisasi pH pada Pelindian Emas dari Batuan Sinabar dengan Larutan Klorida-Hipoklorit

Anggi Saputra — 2024-08-06

Gold leaching with chloride-hypochlorite solution has the potential to be a promising alternative for environmentally friendly gold extraction, replacing cyanidation and amalgamation methods that are harmful to the environment and health. This study aims to study the effect of pH on the gold leaching process, especially from cinnabar rocks originating from Buru Island, Maluku Islands. The stages carried out in the study include preparation and characterization of rock samples, determination of total gold content in rocks, and leaching with chloride-hypochlorite solution. Initial rock characterization was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscope - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the elemental composition and types of minerals in the rocks. The measurement of gold content was done using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The effect of the pH of the initial chloride-hypochlorite solution was studied through pH variations in the range of 3-7. The increase in leached gold occurred along with the decrease in the initial pH of the chloride-hypochlorite solution to pH 4. The optimum gold percentage of 43.25% was obtained under leaching conditions of 0.19 M NaOCl, 200 g/L NaCl, S/L ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours with an initial pH of the chloride-hypochlorite solution of 4.

Pengaruh Variasi Feed To Solvent Daun (Camellia sinensis) Pada Ekstraksi Kafein

Fadian Farisan Silmi — 2024-08-06

Tea is a drink that is well known and liked by people all over the world. Aside from that, these drinks are frequently consumed in everyday life. Tea contains caffeine compounds, which can be beneficial for the body. In general, caffeine is a compound in crystal form. Caffeine has impacts on health, one of which is increasing the risk of heart disease and hypertension if consumed excessively. This shows that caffeine is not good for health if consumed in excess. This research aims to determine the caffeine content in brewed tea. The research was carried out using the solid liquid extraction method using a variation of Feed to Solvent (F/S) of 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; and 0.1 g/mL with 100 mL aqueous solvent. Extraction time is 5 and 10 minutes with temperature is 100^oC. The extraction results are then filtered and concentrated to form crystals and then analyzed with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The best yield result was 0.96% with F/S=0.01 g/mL in 10 minutes with the equation y=0.045x and R²= 0.9782. Besides, the research results showed that the best caffeine level obtained was 5.56 mg/g tea in 10 minutes.