Studi Kasus Pemanfaatan Kima Raksasa (Tridacna Spp) oleh Masyarakat Lokal di Walea Kodi Sulawesi Tengah
Case study on the Utilization of Giant Clams (Tridacna spp.) by Local Communities in Walea Kodi, Central Sulawesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25181/marshela.v4i1.4931Keywords:
Kima raksasa, Penangkapan destruktif, Persepsi masyarakat, Pemanfaatan sumber daya, Walea KodiAbstract
Kima raksasa (Tridacna spp.) memiliki peran ekologis vital namun terancam punah (IUCN 2024) akibat eksploitasi masif yang dipicu oleh tingginya nilai ekonomi seluruh bagiannya. Di Walea Kodi, perlindungan biota ini menghadapi tantangan serius berupa celah regulasi nasional, maraknya perdagangan liar, minimnya kesadaran masyarakat, serta praktik penangkapan ikan menggunakan bom yang merusak habitat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus untuk menggambarkan secara komprehensif fenomena pemanfaatan kima di lapangan. Data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi langsung kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan studi literatur sebagai pembanding terhadap celah regulasi dan kondisi ekologis terkini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan pola pemanfaatan serta memetakan persepsi masyarakat lokal Walea Kodi terhadap eksploitasi dan konservasi kima raksasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan kima didominasi untuk konsumsi subsisten dan diperdagangkan secara terbuka dengan jaringan pasar yang menjangkau kawasan Taman Nasional Kepulauan Togean. Temuan ini juga mengonfirmasi rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai fungsi ekologis kima, yang diperparah oleh kebiasaan penangkapan ikan destruktif yang secara langsung menghancurkan substrat karang tempat kima hidup.
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