Perbaikan Teknologi Budidaya Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas dan Nilai Ekonomi Usahatani Ubi Jalar Petani
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25181/prosemnas.v0i0.1544Abstrak
Sweet potato farming at the farm level in West Sumatra, in general, is still traditional so it is necessary to improve cultivation technology. The study was conducted in June-October 2016 in the farmers' land in Nagari Koto Gadang Guguk, Gunung Talang District, Solok Regency. The materials used are 4 varieties of sweet potatoes, saprodi, scales, meters and stationery. Testing using Separate Plot Design (Split Plot Design) with 3 replications. The main plot (main package) is the Cultivation Technology Package, consisting of (a) Cultivation technology package and (B) Farmer cultivation technology package. While sub-plots are sweet potato varieties, consisting of (1) national superior varieties (AC Kuning), (2) local superior varieties Agam (Wali), (3) local superior varieties Tanah Datar (Black Pucuk Panyalaian), and (4) Solok local superior varieties (Rajo Langik). Plot width 3 m x length depends on the map. The distance between the plots in the repetition is 60 cm and the distance between replications is 80 cm. Observations were made on the yield and yield components of sweet potatoes at harvest. Data were analyzed using diversity analysis conducted with the DNMRT test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the introduction of sweet potato cultivation technology package was able to increase the productivity of national superior varieties of AC Yellow by 35.65%, local varieties of Wali by 90.70%, local varieties of Black Pucuk Panyalaian amounted to 26.29%, and in local varieties Rajo Langik 26.85%. Comparison of four varieties (AC Kuning, Guardian, Black Pucuk Panyalaian, and Rajo Langik) between farmer technology and introduction to cultivation technology, each yielding a B / C value of 4.49 and 5.60. The change in the cultivation of farmers' way to the introduction of technology yields a value of MBCR 13.62 so that it is financially very feasible to develop. Keywords: sweet potatoes, productivity, farmingUnduhan
Referensi
Bappeda dan BPS Provinsi Sumatera Barat. 2013. Sumatera Barat Dalam Angka (Sumatera Barat in Figures) 2012/2013. Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah dan Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Barat.
Gubernur Sumbar. 2013. Keputusan Gubernur Sumatera Barat Nomor: 521.305.2013 tentang Penetapan Kawasan Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Barat.
Irfan, Z., F. Artati, Aryawaita, dan Zulrasdi. 2012. Ubi Jalar Semakin Berkibar. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Barat, Sukarami.
Jusuf, M., St.A. Rahayuningsih, T.S. Wahyuni, dan E. Ginting. 2008. Klon Harapan MSU 01015-07 dan MSU 01015-02, Calon Varietas Unggul Ubi Jalar Kaya Beta-Karoten. Inovasi Teknologi Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian Mendukung Kemandirian Pangan dan Kecukupan Energi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, Bogor.
Kasijadi, F., A. Suryadi, dan Suwono. 2001. Pemberdayaan petani lahan sawah melalui pengembangan kelompok tani dalam perspektif Corporate Farming di Jawa Timur. Dalam: Soetjipto et al. (Penyunting). Prosiding Seminar dan Ekspose Teknologi Pertanian BPTP Jawa Timur. Malang, 11-12 September 2001. Puslitbang Sosek dan Kebijakan Pertanian, Bogor.
Prihandana, R. 2007. Bioetanol Ubi Kayu Bahan Bakar Masa Depan. PT Agromedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
SPAT. 2007. Semua dari Telo: Seri Kumpulan Resep. Sentra Pengembangan Agribisnis Terpadu, Malang.
Wahyuni, T.S., M. Jusuf, dan St.A. Rahayuningsih. 2008. Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Ubi Jalar Berkandungan Beta-Karoten Tinggi. Inovasi Teknologi Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian Mendukung Kemandirian Pangan dan Kecukupan Energi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, Bogor.
