Integrated approach of incidental and intentional conditions: inevitable for successful vocabulary acquisition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25181/esai.v7i1.997Abstrak
Pembelajaran kosa kata pada pembelajaran bahasa kedua atau asing selalu mendapat perhatian khusus dari para peneliti dan pengajar. Berbagai eksperimen telah dilakukan dalam upaya menemukan metode yang tepat untuk dapat mengajarkan kosa kata secara optimal. Sejauh ini, berbagai riset yang telah dilakukan secara garis besar dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam dua arus utama: pendekatan intensional dan pendekatan insidental. Masing-masing pendekatan ini dinggap memiliki kelebihan yang tidak dimiliki oleh pendekatan yang lainnya sehingga timbul keyakinan bahwa salah satu pendekatan perlu diprioritaskan di dalam proses pembelajaran ketimbang yang lainnya. Atas dasar pernyataan dari masing-masing kubu tersebut, artikel ini membahas ke dua pendekatan tersebut sekomprehensif mungkin untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam. Kajian artikel ini menggunakan hasil beberapa riset yang telah dilakukan mengenai ke dua pendekatan tersebut sebagai dasar pembahasan. Hasilnya, disimpulkan bahwa ke dua pendekatan tersebut memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing. Karena kelebihan dan kekurangan tersebut, masing-masing pendekatan tidak hanya perlu saling melengkapi, melainkan juga saling membutuhkan karena masing-masing tidak dapat mendukung pembelajaran kosa kata yang berhasil bila diterapkan secara sendiri-sendiri. Dengan demikian, diperlukan upaya untuk mengintegrasikan keduanya supaya mendapatkan hasil pembelajaran kosa kata yang optimal. Kata kunci: pendekatan intensional, pendekatan insidental, integrasi pendekatanUnduhan
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