Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan

Front Matter Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan Volume 12 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024

Editor Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan — Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Back Matter Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan Volume 12 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024

Editor Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan — Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Insidensi dan Keparahan Penyakit Bercak Daun Disebabkan oleh Curvularia sp. pada Pembibitan Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan

Rizky Randal Cameron, Astri Febrianni, Stenia Ruski Yusticia — Thu, 14 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In Indonesia, there has been a notable expansion in the area and productivity of oil palm plantations. Oil palm is among the top seven plantation commodities prioritized for development. High-quality seedlings are essential for optimal plant production. However, several factors can impede oil palm productivity, including diseases that affect oil palm seedlings. One such disease is brown spot disease caused by the fungus Curvularia sp. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of brown spot disease in oil palm seedlings. The research was conducted from May 2023 to June 2023 in Banyuasin Regency using a purposive sampling survey method. Thirteen seedling locations were selected based on their adherence to good seedling criteria. Seedlings aged 6-12 months were used in this study. At each location, five plots were surveyed, with 30-32 seedlings sampled per plot. Supporting data, including fertilization, watering, and herbicide and fungicide application, were tabulated to supplement the research findings. Results indicated that brown spot disease can affect plants as young as two weeks old. Initial symptoms include brown spots that eventually widen and merge with other spots. The average incidence of the disease was 93.29 % (± 7.89), with an average severity of 47.13% (± 13.23).

Pengaruh Perendaman Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Giberelin (GA3) pada Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Varietas S795

Febri Ainur Rohman, Ramadhan Taufika — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in the national economy, especially as a source of foreign exchange because it has high economic value. The productivity of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Indonesia in the 2019/2020 period decreased by 2.7% with a total production of around 95 million sacks. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellin (GA₃) on the germination of the arabica coffee bean variety S795. The experimental design was a completely randomized design factorial consisting of two factors with four replications for each treatment. The first factor was the plant growth regulator gibberellin concentration which consisted of 100 ppm (K₁), 200 ppm (K₂), and 300 ppm (K₃). The second factor is the soaking time which consists of 12 hours (P₁) and 24 hours (P₂). The result showed that the interaction between GA₃ concentration and soaking time had no significant effect on all observed parameters (germination percentage, germination rate, seedling height) in the germination of arabica coffee bean variety S795. Based on the table of average interactions between GA₃ concentration and soaking time, it can be concluded that the K₁P₁ treatment with 12 hours of soaking time at a concentration of 100 ppm was the best treatment for the parameters of germination percentage, seedling height, and root length. The K₂P₁ treatment with 12 hours of immersion time at a concentration of 200 ppm was the best treatment for the germination rate parameter, namely 36.34 days.

Evaluasi Kajian Oil Extraction Rate (OER) Optimum sebagai Standar Panen Kelapa Sawit

Kumbara Kumbara, Firlana Firlana, Jajang Supriatna — Sun, 17 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to carry out a basic evaluation of the harvest of palm kernel 3 (BD3), palm kernel 7 (BD7), fraction 1 (FR1), and fraction 2 (FR2) on the types of soil and peat and minerals that are tested and analyzed based on observations of the number of loose fruits from bunches (brondolan) on the plate. This research was conducted at PT Gandaera Hendana, Ukui 2 Village, Ukui District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: harvest base and two types of soil. The parameters observed consisted of adding a number of brondolan after harvest, the multiple of brondol after harvest, oil to bunch analysis, and potential oil extraction rate (OER). The analysis showed that adding loose fruit after harvest in mineral soil increased significantly two times more than peat (15.2 loose fruit). The harvest standard for fraction 2 increased significantly due to the addition of loose bunches after harvest (23.9 bunches) and their interaction in mineral soil (38.6 bunches). The base of palm kernels 3 (BD 3) shows a very significant increase in the yield of palm kernels after harvest (2.4 times) as well as its interaction in mineral soil (2.7 times). The palm kernels harvest standard 3 showed the highest increase in OER potential (23.25%) and OER potential in mineral soil (24.46%).

Pengaruh Kesegaran Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) pada Kualitas Gula Cetak Merah

Mon, 18 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

To maintain sugarcane freshness, it is crucial to process it promptly after harvest. This study aims to analyze the quality of molded brown sugar derived from raw materials with varying levels of freshness. The research adopts a non-factorial design involving three main treatments: the duration of stay on the first, second, and third days, with three replications. Parameters observed during the molded brown sugar production process include brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from raw juice; brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from clear juice; color, brix, moisture content, and reducing sugar of sugar. Data analysis is performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the application of Duncan's multiple range test. The purity value in raw juice data H1 with a value of 89.54 significantly differs from data H3 with a value of 73.83. Similarly, reducing sugar in raw juice H1 at 0.74 significantly differs from H3 at 0.93. The purity value in clear juice H1 at 88.34 significantly differs from H3 at 75.40. As for reducing sugar in clear juice, H1 at 0.81 is significantly smaller than H3 at 1.18. Regarding the difference between open-pan and close-pan cooking treatments, it is concluded that the cooking system producing the best molded brown sugar is the close-pan system, evident in both color results and the reduced sugar content of molded brown sugar. The best color for molded brown sugar is found in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 551.40. The lowest reducing sugar content is observed in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 0.94.

Perkembangan Penyakit Busuk Batang pada Kelapa Sawit Pasca Peremajaan Tanaman

Paulus Hutagaol, Herry Wirianata, E. Nanik Kristalisasi — Mon, 25 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Basal stem rot caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense is the major threat to oil palm plantations in Indonesia, especially for second generation. Handling oil palm residues during the replanting process greatly determines the fungal attack. This research aims to reveal how handling oil palm trunks affects G. boninense attacks on second generation oil palm plantations. The treatments studied were felled trunk and felled-chipped trunk, each represented by two blocks (five years old of oil palm) with a density of 143 trees/hectare. The results of the study showed that second generation oil palms had a very high prevalence of basal stem rot disease, even though there were differences in the incidence and severity of the disease. Chipping of felled trunk residues can slow the development of the disease. Management of palm residues has a major influence on the onset of this disease in replanted oil palms.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi NaOH dan Suhu Delignifikasi pada Kandungan Lignoselulosa Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

Hafid Andre Permana, Febrina Delvitasari, Widia Rini Hartari, Maryanti Maryanti — Thu, 28 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Palm oil processing in the industry produces products and waste; the waste generated from the palm oil processing process will have a negative impact on the environment if it is not processed. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are lignocellulosic solid wastes that contain cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose content, so they have the potential to be raw materials for making bioethanol. In the process of producing bioethanol, delignification is an early stage that aims to reduce the lignin content in lignocellulosic materials with alkaline or alkaline pretreatment solutions such as the use of NaOH can be used to help separate lignin from cellulose fibers. This study aimed to analyze the effect of NaOH concentration and delignification temperature on the lignocellulosic content of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research method was arranged descriptively with two treatments: the concentration of NaOH consisting of 3%, 4%, and 5%, and the heating temperature consisting of 100 ^oC, 110 ^oC, and 120 ^oC. Lignocellulosic content can be calculated using the Chesson method analysis with the Microsoft Excel 2016 application as a data processor. The results showed that 1 M NaOH concentration with heating temperature had an effect on the observations of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. The best treatment of 1 M NaOH concentration and heating temperature on hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was produced by the treatment of 5% NaOH concentration with a heating temperature of 120 ⁰C.